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| | 美中AI竞争升温 | | | 陈米亚 ｜ 法广 ｜ 2026-09-11 | | | |
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scroll 0 1 美国与中国在人工智能领域的竞争，正进入新阶段。
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Puces et solaire: les Etats-Unis taxent un matériau clé dominé par la Chine © 01net
美国总统特朗普（Donald Trump）与中国国家主席习近平近期准备再次会面之际，AI已成为两国科技竞争的重要议题。美国政府近期指控多家中国AI企业，大规模透过“蒸馏”（distillation）取得美国AI模型的技术能力，中国则否认相关指控，表示愿意就AI议题与美方展开对话，但如果美国以打击蒸馏为由限制中国AI企业，中国将采取反制措施。
美国国家安全局（NSA）、联邦调查局（FBI）和网路安全暨基础设施安全局（CISA）日前联合发布声明，指控中国AI企业以“工业规模”搜集美国前沿AI模型的能力，并点名DeepSeek、Moonshot、阿里巴巴、MiniMax、StepFun和Z.AI等公司。美方认为，相关企业透过蒸馏等方式，可以在较低成本下取得美国模型的部分能力，进而缩短中国与美国在前沿AI技术上的差距。
中国商务部则表示，美方指控“毫无根据”，并称蒸馏是全球AI开发者普遍使用的技术。中国商务部表示，中方愿意依照平等、互利、合作共赢的原则，透过对话与美国进行“建设性和专业的讨论”，但如果美国以打击蒸馏为名遏制或打压中国AI企业，“中国将坚决采取反制措施”。
蒸馏本身并非只存在于中国AI产业。这项技术通常是让较小的模型从较大型模型的输出中学习，以降低训练成本和改善效能。美中目前的争议主要集中在资料取得方式、是否涉及未经授权的模型输出，以及是否存在大规模、系统性的技术取得行为。
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