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| | 华为昇腾960超节点落地 | | | 华尔街日报 ｜ 2026-09-17 | | | |
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scroll 0 1 9月17日，华为全联接大会2026在上海开幕。
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华为副董事长、轮值董事长汪涛发表主题演讲“智启新未来，打造智能世界的硅基黑土地”，发布昇腾960超节点。华为称这是业界首个采用NPO（近封装光学）技术的超节点，单节点4096卡，最大提供8E（EFLOPS，约800亿亿次/秒）FP8算力和1PB HBM容量。
“AI变革的速度超过历史上任何一次技术革命。”汪涛在演讲中给出一组数据：大模型参数正快速迈向10万亿，2030年将达100万亿以上；智能体从按小时级连续工作，走向以月为单位执行任务；中国每日推理Token已增长到500万亿左右，2030年将达百万万亿级；手机端侧模型从2024年的3B发展到今天的30B，并将走向100B级。
这几组数据指向同一个方向：算力需求的增长快于芯片单点性能的提升。华为的方案是“超节点+集群”，把竞争单位从单颗芯片扩大到整个系统。
一. 超节点成为共识
超节点指多个计算节点通过高效互联协议紧耦合、共享统一内存、逻辑上如同一台计算机的计算系统。它针对的是集群通信开销：10万卡集群已是训练十万亿级SOTA模型的标配，传统服务器架构下，集群内通信占用超过40%的训练时间。
华为马尔科夫实验室的仿真结果显示，由4K超节点组成的10万卡集群，相比由8卡服务器组成的10万卡集群，MFU（模型浮点算力利用率）提升2.75倍。MFU直接决定有效算力，同样规模的集群，利用率不同，训练成本差距明显。
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