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| | 看俩老头钓鱼：一首琵琶曲里的波动学 | | | 吴进远 ｜ 赛先生 ｜ 2026-09-17 | | | |
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scroll 0 1 导读： 一首琵琶曲，如何引出声波反射、电缆阻抗和笛子的空气柱？在科普作家吴进远笔下，这些看似分散的现象，都与振动的传播及边界条件有关。
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数字音频波形图。图源：publicdomainpictures.net
最近从网上看了国家大剧院管弦乐队的2023新年音乐会，其中琵琶演奏家赵聪与国家大剧院管弦乐队合作演出的琵琶协奏曲《福吉天长》第三乐章《笑天长》让人印象深刻。
这是一首东北地方风味浓郁的乐曲，开篇就听见琵琶似乎在模仿一段大碴子味十足的对话：
“大哥。”
“干哈（啥）？”
这首乐曲中有一段令人陶醉的华彩乐段，演奏家使用了一种独特的“大回环”弹奏技法，左手按琵琶的品*，右手交替回环拨动琵琶下部和上部的琴弦，演奏出活泼跳跃而又丝丝紧扣的音乐。
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我们平时看到的弹拨乐器，演奏时基本都是拨动下部琴弦。像这样拨动上部琴弦的演奏技法笔者过去从未见过。这提供了一个有趣的科学问题：
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