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| | 47年前的决定，或让外星人找上门 | | | 网易新闻 ｜ 2026-09-23 | | | |
| 声明： 本消息或因风格和篇幅原因进行过编辑，但未经核实，也不代表我们的立场、观点或建议。如有侵权，联系秒删。[ 使用条款 ] |
scroll 0 1 2023年12月，一群科学家在美国肯塔基州做了件不小的事——他们冲着一颗距离地球大约40光年的恒星，发出了一条讲述人类和地球的信息。
目标不是随手挑的，那颗恒星的名字叫特拉普斯特-1，它周围绕着七颗类地行星，被天文学家称为"缩小版的太阳系"。
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特拉普斯特-1是2016年被天文学家发现的，位于宝瓶座方向。中央的主恒星是一颗红矮星，比太阳小得多，也暗得多。围着它转的七颗行星，全是像地球一样的岩质行星。三颗是2016年确认的，剩下四颗在2017年被找出来，天文学家用字母b、c、d、e、f、g、h挨个编了号。
这七颗行星的个头都跟地球差不多。最小的是h，半径大概是地球的0.77倍；最大的是b，半径约为地球的1.12倍。光看行星数量，特拉普斯特-1是目前发现的与太阳系最像的一个恒星系。
可要论尺度，它小得离谱——最外圈的h距离主恒星只有约0.059个天文单位，而咱们太阳系里离太阳最近的水星，都还有0.46个天文单位。换句话说，把整个特拉普斯特-1塞进太阳系，水星轨道以内的空间就够装下它了。
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离恒星这么近，按理说该被烤糊，可红矮星本身温度低，所以这个系统里居然有三颗行星落在了宜居带——分别是e、f、g。宜居带说白了，就是那一圈温度刚好、能让液态水稳定存在于行星表面的区域。液态水，往往被看作生命存在的关键前提。
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